FACTR: Force-Attending Curriculum Training for Contact-Rich Policy Learning


Jason Jingzhou Liu, Yulong Li, Kenneth Shaw, Tony Tao, Russ Salakhutdinov, Deepak Pathak

Paper ID 79

Session 8. Imitation Learning I

Poster Session (Day 2): Sunday, June 22, 6:30-8:00 PM

Abstract: Many contact-rich tasks humans perform, such as box pickup or hammering, rely on force feedback for reliable execution. However, this force information, which is readily available in most robot arms, is not commonly used in teleoperation and policy learning. Consequently, robot behavior is often limited to quasi-static kinematic tasks that do not require intricate force-feedback. In this paper, we first present a low-cost, intuitive, bilateral teleoperation setup that relays external forces of the follower arm back to the teacher arm, facilitating data collection for complex, contact-rich tasks. We then introduce FACTR, a policy learning method that employs a curriculum which corrupts the visual input with decreasing intensity throughout training. The curriculum prevents our transformer-based policy from over-fitting to the visual input and guides the policy to properly attend to the force modality. We demonstrate that by fully utilizing the force information, our method significantly improves generalization to unseen objects compared to baseline approaches without a curriculum and exhibits more reactive recovery behaviors. All components of our system will be open-sourced upon the paper’s acceptance.